Intraoperative Goal-Directed Perfusion in Cardiac Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass: The Roles of Delivery Oxygen Index and Cardiac Index

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Purpose: Goal-directed perfusion (GDP) refers to individualized goal-directed therapy using comprehensive monitoring and optimizing the delivery of oxygen during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). This study aims to determine whether the intraoperative GDP protocol method has better outcomes compared to conventional methods.